What is a Java compiler?

A Java compiler is a program that converts developer-created text files into platform-independent Java files. The Java Programming Language Compiler (javac), the GNU Compiler for Java (GCJ), the Eclipse Compiler for Java (ECJ), and Jikes are all examples of Java compilers. Using a code editor or an integrated development environment (IDE), programmers typically write language statements in a given programming language one line at a time. The source statements are contained in the final file. The programmer then runs a compiler for the appropriate language, specifying the name of the file that contains the source statements.
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Java and Java programmers are no exception. In order to achieve the desired outcomes, the Java compiler takes in high-level Java source code and converts it into bytecode that can be comprehended by a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The compiler parses (analyzes) all language statements syntactically at run time. The compiler then builds the output code in one or more successive stages, or "passes," ensuring that statements referring to other statements are referred to correctly in the final code. Generally, Java compilers are run and pointed to a programmer's code in a text file to produce a class file for use by the JVM on different platforms. Jikes, for example, is an open source compiler that works in this way, and so does the primary compiler included in the Java Development Kit (JDK) called javac. This compiler, which is written in Java, reads class and interface definitions written in Java and like Jikes, converts them into bytecode class files.
The Javac.exe command must be executed by the programmer at the command prompt in order to run the Java compiler. Similar to Java, the compiler is platform-independent, allowing it to compile and execute code on any OS. However, because it is language-specific, it cannot be used to compile and convert other languages' source code. Diagram of typical compiler procedures Lexical analysis, syntax analysis, IR code generation, optimization, and output code generation are the typical compiler steps.
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What is the purpose of a Java compiler?
The main purpose of a Java compiler (or a compiler in any programming language) is to translate the high-level Java source code into a machine code file consisting of machine-readable 0s and 1s, and then execute the file.
Because a human-readable language like Java cannot be understood by the machine, compilation is essential. By translating human-readable code into machine-readable language, the Java compiler ensures that the code runs and produces the expected output.
A Java compiler also functions as Java's error detection mechanism. It generates a list of all errors found once it is activated and checks for syntax errors. Unless the programmer corrects the errors, it does not produce object code. If necessary, the compiler can also add more code to the program. Bytecode and Java compiler The compiler creates intermediate object code known as bytecode, which is a.class file, following the compilation of the source code (a.java file). Machine code is not the same as bytecode. Instead, it is a binary code that a JVM running on the underlying OS can understand and interpret. Because the bytecode consists of a series of 0s and 1s, it is not human-readable or human-understandable. To produce bytecode, the compiler might require additional memory.
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How the Java compiler works
After writing Java source code, the programmer runs a compiler similar to javac. The compiler checks whether the source file is available and generates java bytecode (.class file). If the source file is not found, it generates an error message. If the source file is available and the bytecode file is generated (which happens regardless of OS and processor architecture), the bytecode file gets saved automatically on the disk. At the OS's runtime, the JVM interprets and executes the class file. A list of error messages is produced by the compiler if errors are discovered. In order to recompile the program, the programmer corrects the errors and runs the compiler once more. To produce the corrected machine-readable object code, this step is crucial. The required object code is produced if the compiler finds no errors.